Abstract
Modeling the forwarding feature and analyzing the performance theoretically for opportunistic routing in wireless multihop network are of great challenge. To address this issue, a generalized geometric distribution (GGD) is firstly proposed. Based on the GGD, the forwarding probability between any two forwarding candidates could be calculated and it can be proved that the successful delivery rate after several transmissions of forwarding candidates is irrelevant to the priority rule. Then, a discrete-time queuing model is proposed to analyze mean end-to-end delay (MED) of a regular opportunistic routing with the knowledge of the forwarding probability. By deriving the steady-state joint generating function of the queue length distribution, MED for directly connected networks and some special cases of nondirectly connected networks could be ultimately determined. Besides, an approximation approach is proposed to assess MED for the general cases in the nondirectly connected networks. By comparing with a large number of simulation results, the rationality of the analysis is validated. Both the analysis and simulation results show that MED varies with the number of forwarding candidates, especially when it comes to connected networks; MED increases more rapidly than that in nondirectly connected networks with the increase of the number of forwarding candidates.
Highlights
Opportunistic routing (OR) for wireless multihop networks has drawn much attention due to its robustness in practical dynamic environments with frequent transmission failures
Traditional routing protocols, that is, dynamic source routing (DSR) [1], just rely on a single fixed path to deliver packets from a source to a destination; the performance is affected by the wireless link
Beside the mean end-to-end delay (MED), an extra performance metric called saturation throughput is studied in our simulation
Summary
Opportunistic routing (OR) for wireless multihop networks has drawn much attention due to its robustness in practical dynamic environments with frequent transmission failures. Modeling the forwarding feature and analyzing the MED theoretically for OR in wireless multihop network are a great challenge. Another network topology is nondirectly connected network in which not all the nodes could communicate with each other directly This analysis may be the cornerstone of modeling the MED for OR strategies and could allow us to have a comprehensive understanding about queueing delay features. (1) A new mathematical distribution called generalized geometric distribution (GGD) is proposed to model the forwarding feature of OR in wireless multihop networks. According to the property of the multivariate generating function, closed form expressions of MED are derived These analysis results could be applied to arbitrary directly connected networks and some special nondirectly connected networks. We discuss future research directions and conclude the paper
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