Abstract
When choosing technical means for performing various technological processes and, in particular, for carrying out reclamation and cultural-technical works, two aspects should be taken into account: the fundamental possibility of using machines and the level of their reliability. But if the choice of technical means according to the fundamental possibility of use for performing a specific operation is sufficiently developed («Systems of machines», catalogs of special equipment have been developed), then the choice of means of repair and technical impact, depending on quantitative data and qualitative characteristics of reliability, is currently not fully studied. This is due to the lack of a sufficient database on malfunctions of the specified technical means and, as a consequence, the lack of reliable indicators of their reliability. Analysis of the data on the operation of technical means in land reclamation and construction organizations shows that due to the low reliability of machines, up to 40% of the cost of their work is the cost of maintenance and repair, while the share of time resources for downtime for technical reasons in the total fund of the working time reaches 40-50%. It should be noted that this is only part of the damage caused by the lack of reliability of the machines. Improving the methods of using machines led to the creation of mechanized complexes - a group form of machine work. Therefore, due to the widespread use of complex mechanization in land reclamation construction, the stop of one machine of a technological complex leads to a stop of the entire technological process. Thus, the determination of the reliability characteristics of the units of technological complexes, namely, the establishment of the physical nature, failures, the identification of the causes of their occurrence, as well as the determination of the need for repair and technical actions, will provide the necessary operational and economic performance indicators of the entire technological complex in specific operating conditions. In this regard, the issue of determining the optimal provision of repair and technical impacts on the units of technological complexes, taking into account their components, is an urgent task that requires separate research.
Highlights
The Russian Federation has 9.1 million hectares of reclaimed land, including 4.3 million hectares of irrigated and 4.8 million hectares of drained land, with a total book value of systems of all forms of ownership of more than 340 billion rubles
When forming a fleet of cars and building a system of their technical service, new approaches are needed, taking into account the trends of innovative development of economic sectors in Russia and abroad. The need for such a statement of the problem is connected with the fundamental changes that have developed in the market of machines for reclamation works: the technologies of work performance and the structure of the fleet have changed, the equipment of foreign companies has appeared, there has been a sharp decline in the production of domestic machines
M. [10] «Development of a methodology for assessing the efficiency of the production and technical base of car service enterprises», a mathematical model for the rational placement of car service enterprises is developed; methodology for selecting technological equipment that is an active part of the production base; simulation model of the functioning of the car maintenance and repair system at car service enterprises
Summary
The Russian Federation has 9.1 million hectares of reclaimed land, including 4.3 million hectares of irrigated and 4.8 million hectares of drained land, with a total book value of systems of all forms of ownership of more than 340 billion rubles. B. [12] «Substantiation of directions for restructuring the production and technical base of urban passenger transport» the purpose of the work is to increase the stability of the functioning of the production and technical base, in terms of bus transportation, by restructuring the production and technical base of the complex of enterprises (at the regional level), ensuring the maintenance rolling stock (city buses) in good technical condition He proposes to develop a mathematical model to determine the regularities of the influence of the structure of the city bus fleet on the need for elements of the production and technical base and to develop theoretical principles for the formation and assessment of the effectiveness of directions for the development of the structure of the production and technical base, taking into account the forecast options for the development of passenger transport at the regional level
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