Abstract
This paper represents the focus on developing efficient algorithms that reduce the operations required to be employed in order to obtain complex surfaces milling finishing toolpaths for the three axis NC (Numerical Control) machine within the reverse engineering chain of processes. Direct machining is the process of generating efficient toolpaths directly from the digitized data, meaning the point cloud. The entire research is focused on determining the mathematical calculus able to interpret the data collected through the contact/noncontact 3D scanning process. In this direction, two algorithms were developed to generate ball-end mill finishing toolpaths for freeform surfaces using ordered/unordered point clouds. Practical work that validates author’s employed algorithms of obtaining finishing milling toolpaths uses the point cloud stored from the 3D scanning process in matrix found in ASCII files, which makes data interpreting easy.
Highlights
The computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) approach regarding the reverse engineering process implies the duplication of a piece during the process chain: digitization-CAD modeling-CNC machinery [1,2,3,4]
The approach described in the current paper is related to the process that is used to acquire the 3D data of a surface in the shape of a point cloud, where each point has individual values in the XYZ Cartesian space, this process being known as digitization or
The most frequently used milling tool for the fabrication process of complex surfaces, using the processing trajectories generated by the point cloud, has a spherical geometry and it is the most used processing technique [37,38,39,40]
Summary
The computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) approach regarding the reverse engineering process implies the duplication of a piece during the process chain: digitization-CAD modeling-CNC machinery [1,2,3,4]. A solution to minimize the time, the consumed resources and the eventual errors would be to generate processing paths based on the data obtained during the digitization process of that point cloud, eliminating the CAD modeling operations, and the generation of the triangulation and of the surface, according to [19,20,21]. The pioneers of this way of processing complex surfaces presented their outstanding research by a turning direction and reported it in the paper prepared by [22]. The most frequently used milling tool for the fabrication process of complex surfaces, using the processing trajectories generated by the point cloud, has a spherical geometry and it is the most used processing technique [37,38,39,40]
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