Mathematical and simulation model for testing the management system of high voltage batteries for hybrid and electric vehicles

Abstract

The scientific paper presents the results of the development of complex mathematical simulation real-time models and algorithms for HiL test bench control system the high-voltage battery of a vehicle with a hybrid powertrain designed to control a physical model of the HiL test bench, that simulates the characteristics and behavior of cells in high voltage batteries and other components included in the high-voltage battery. The purpose of this work is to create and implement a set of mathematical models and software tools with the necessary accuracy of parameters and signals simulating the behavior of a real high-voltage battery, designed for the development and testing of mathematical algorithms and software for the control system of a high-voltage battery of a vehicle with a hybrid power plant. The main features of the developed models are simulation of the characteristics of high-voltage battery cells with the ability to set the initial State-Of-Charge (SOC) and change the SOC during the operation of the model; calculation of the SOC for high-voltage battery cells by the input parameter of the model, that determines the electric current flowing through the battery; simulation of the state of high-voltage battery contactors and modes of operation of the high-voltage battery; simulation of the precharge mode for the capacity of a high-voltage electric circuit of a hybrid powertrain; simulation of failures of high-voltage battery cells and components that are part of the high-voltage battery management system (current sensor, power contactors). The composition of the control system, the necessary logic, and a set of mathematical models for controlling a semi-natural stand of a high-voltage battery and simulating the characteristics of cells of a high-voltage battery has been defined. The development of a mathematical model of cells is based on an equivalent circuit of an electric current source. A full-scale experiment was conducted on a real electric cell, during which experimental data and graphs of charge and discharge processes, static and dynamic electrical characteristics were obtained. The data were used to develop and evaluate a mathematical model of a high-voltage battery cell. The results of the work allow us to speed up the process of developing software for electrical systems and control systems for high-voltage batteries for vehicles with hybrid powertrains.