Abstract
In underground works, the continual consciousness of geological and geomechanical properties of rock mass during drilling, is of major importance to optimize the works and the equipment used. In this paper, the mathematical relationship obtained from tunnel excavations, considering percussion drilling for blasting by a drilling machine and by a tunnel boring machine (TBM) are exposed. These mathematical relationships are useful in the percussion drilling case, to adjust the drilling parameter recorder (DPR) tools, and in the case of TBM to predict the rock mass geomechanical index (RMR). Taking into account the complexity of these mathematical models obtained, as a consequence of the affected variables and their relations, a fuzzy logic model based on parameters accessible to the drilling machine has been used in tricone bit drilling. Santrauka Atliekant požeminius uolienų gręžimo darbus ir optimizuojant darbus bei jiems naudojamą įrangą, labai svarbu prognozuoti geologines ir geomechanines uolienos savybes. Šiame darbe pateikiamos gautos matematinės išraiškos, taikant tunelių kasimo duomenis, gautus naudojant smūginio gręžimo ir tunelių gręžimo (TBM) įrangą. Šios matematinės išraiškos yra naudingos smūginio gręžimo metu koreguojant gręžimo parametro fiksavimo (DPR) duomenis, o naudojant TBM įrangą – nustatant uolienos geomechaninį indeksą (RMR). Atsižvelgiant į gautų matematinių modelių kompleksiškumą, t. y. į gautus parametrus ir jų sąryšius, naudotinas neraiškiosios logikos modelis, jungiantis parametrus, tinkamus trigalvio grąžto gręžimo įrangai.
Highlights
The mathematical relationship obtained from tunnel excavations, considering percussion drilling for blasting by a drilling machine and by a tunnel boring machine (TBM) are exposed
The drilling parameter measurements were introduced in geological prospecting and in the mining, petrol and gas industry in the 70s, becoming an efficient tool, allowing us to identify in detail and predict the geological and geomechanical characteristics while drilling is being carried out
The prediction models, which are the basis of the automatic systems to be implemented in the drilling equipment, can be estimated through traditional mathematics, as it has been indicated at the beginning of this paper, or if this is not possible, through fuzzy logic models
Summary
The drilling parameter measurements were introduced in geological prospecting and in the mining, petrol and gas industry in the 70s, becoming an efficient tool, allowing us to identify in detail and predict the geological and geomechanical characteristics while drilling is being carried out. The correlation between the drilling parameters and the geological characteristics of rock mass in drill hole blasting in coal mining, was tested by Scoble et al (1989), who demonstrated, the relationships between the penetration velocity variation, the rotation torque variation, the rotation velocity, the specific cut energy and the rock characteristics. Fuzzy Logic models are other important tools used in geological and geomechanical property evaluation in hole drilling (Grima 2000). The revolutions per minute, the pressure and the drilling diameter have been used as input linguistic variables and the rock mass quality expressed according to compressive strength in MPa has been used as an output variable The latter model adjusted and the existent correlation grade between this model and field data are shown
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