Abstract
Since the time scale of weak storms is about half the time scale of intense storms, it is troublesome and important to examine the solar wind parameters/interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) (E, v , P , T, N, and Bz) to evolve and affect to zonal geomagnetic indices (Kp, Dst, AE, and ap). In a severe storm, which usually has two main phases, solar parameters have enough time to react, but weak storms cannot find this time. They have to yield their reaction in a short time. One can find a weak storm in order to reveal and discuss the consistency of models that have proven themselves in severe and moderate storms in this study. I discuss weak storm (Dst = −46) on May 8, 2014, via solar wind parameters and zonal geomagnetic indices. The goal of the work is to realize the models applicable to the moderate and the strong storms for a weak storm. Hereby, all possible correlations between solar parameters and zonal indices are discussed in depth. I tried to obey the cause-effect relationship while creating mathematical models while not ignoring the physical principles. Therefore, the physical principles govern the study. The results are visualized with tables and graphs for the understanding of the dynamic structure of the storm.
Highlights
A geomagnetic storm [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23] is a characteristic event of nature that continues for 1–3 days and covers all the magnetosphere from the Earth’s surface to the magnetotail
Dst is a geomagnetic index that confirms the magnitude of the geomagnetic storms that cover the Earth
For 2014 May weak storm, solar wind dynamic pressure, interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), electric field, flow speed, and proton density were recorded in the OMNI hourly data
Summary
Since the time scale of weak storms is about half the time scale of intense storms, it is troublesome and important to examine the solar wind parameters/interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) (E, v, P, T, N, and Bz) to evolve and affect to zonal geomagnetic indices (Kp, Dst, AE, and ap). One can find a weak storm in order to reveal and discuss the consistency of models that have proven themselves in severe and moderate storms in this study. I discuss weak storm (Dst − 46) on May 8, 2014, via solar wind parameters and zonal geomagnetic indices. All possible correlations between solar parameters and zonal indices are discussed in depth. I tried to obey the cause-effect relationship while creating mathematical models while not ignoring the physical principles. I tried to obey the cause-effect relationship while creating mathematical models while not ignoring the physical principles. erefore, the physical principles govern the study. e results are visualized with tables and graphs for the understanding of the dynamic structure of the storm
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