Maternofetal exposure to glicocorticoids and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Abstract

Pregnancy is a critical development period, in a way that small alterations can be crucial in shaping an individual's health for the rest of his life. Depending on wich adversive conditions the fetus is exposed to, like metabolic, hormonal and nutricional alterations by the mother, there is a higher susceptibility in developing certain diseases, syndromes and disturbs. Among the aforementioned adversities, we can mention the excessive use of synthetic glucocorticoids during pregnancy. It is known that glucocorticoids act at various levels within the fetal brain, physiologically modulating the individual's neurological function, and, by that, exposing him to cognitive decline and behavioral changes. This review aimed to explore some evidence of the impact of excessive glucocorticoid signaling on HPA axis modulation and consequent fetal adaptive changes, related to the vulnerability of the development of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In view of the growing number of diagnoses of this disease, it is necessary to review medical recommendations, the use of these drugs by pregnant women and infants, and public health policies.