Maternally inherited 133kb deletion of 14q32 causing Kagami–Ogata syndrome

Abstract

We present a case of a newborn female with multiple anomalies demonstrating that the causes of imprinting disorders rely not only on the parent-of-origin of the chromosomal aberrations, but also the scope of genes contained in the imprinted region. The newborn female presented with prenatal polyhydramnios, neonatal respiratory distress, distal contractures, abdominal hernia, bell-shaped thorax, and abnormal ribs. The neonate required mechanical ventilation due to apnea, underwent surgery for laryngomalacia, and showed development delay by age 11 months. Chromosomal microarray analysis identified a single copy number loss in chromosome region 14q32.2q32.31, containing genes that are differentially expressed based on parent-of-origin. Microarray analysis also confirmed the identical deletion in the patient's mother, who was reported to be normal. Additional molecular analyses determined the exact size and breakpoints of the deletion as well as methylation states in both the patient and her mother. The maternally transmitted deletion was responsible for Kagami-Ogata syndrome in the patient.