Abstract
Syphilis is associated with increased human immunodeficiency virus acquisition and sexual transmission; we examined impact on human immunodeficiency virus mother-to-child transmission among mother-infant pairs enrolled in the India Six-Week Extended-Dose Nevirapine study. Maternal syphilis, diagnosed serologically using Venereal Disease Research Laboratory titer plus Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay, was associated with 2.5-fold greater risk.
Highlights
Syphilis is associated with increased human immunodeficiency virus acquisition and sexual transmission; we examined impact on human immunodeficiency virus mother-to-child transmission among mother-infant pairs enrolled in the India Six-Week Extended-Dose Nevirapine study
We conducted a secondary analysis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women and their infants who were enrolled in the India Six-Week Extended-Dose Nevirapine (SWEN) study, a National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded phase III randomized controlled trial of extended infant nevirapine prophylaxis for prevention of breast milk HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT)
HIV-1 transmission was assessed at 48 hours post delivery and at each study visit using an in-house, externally validated HIV DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay developed at the National acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) Research Institute in Pune, India; a positive test was confirmed by HIV-1 RNA PCR at the study visit
Summary
Syphilis is associated with increased human immunodeficiency virus acquisition and sexual transmission; we examined impact on human immunodeficiency virus mother-to-child transmission among mother-infant pairs enrolled in the India Six-Week Extended-Dose Nevirapine study. Maternal syphilis, diagnosed serologically using Venereal Disease Research Laboratory titer plus Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay, was associated with 2.5-fold greater risk. Syphilis remains a public health challenge, for exposed infants. From the *Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India; †Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; ‡Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College-Johns Hopkins University Clinical Research Site, Pune, Maharashtra, India; and §International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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