Maternal risk factors and outcome associated with COVID-19 disease in COVID-19 RT PCR positive pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Most of the published literature related to COVID-19 and pregnancy comes from China and other developed countries. There is a paucity of studies in India. The study was done in a dedicated COVID-19 tertiary care hospital which alone caters to the entire population of the Cuddalore district. The study will add to evidence about clinical manifestation in pregnant females that will help the physicians involved in patient care to take rational and timely decisions regarding the management of cases. Therefore, the research was designed to study clinical manifestations and maternal risk factors and outcome of COVID-19 positive pregnant females in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: The data for this study will be collected from the patient admitted to Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Chidambaram during the period August 2020 to October 2022. The data for this study will be collected from the patient admitted to Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Chidambaram during the period August 2020 to October 2022. Results: 200 antental and postnatal were included in the study. Among those in post-natal period, 61.1% had LSCS and 38.9% had normal delivery. 5.4% had preterm labour, 5.4 % had PPROM and 1.2% had PPH. 0.5% participants had ARDS and 2.5% had pneumonia. Maternal oxygen requirement was 16.5% in antenatal period and 83.5% were in postnatal period during the study. 3% participants had an abortion and 5% had IUD. The mean serum ferritin level was found to be significantly higher among those without pregnancy related complications than those with at least one complication. Conclusion: a rapid increase of CS was observed, especially at the beginning of the pandemic, most likely due to lack of knowledge and robust recommendations. Preterm birth rates were elevated, with iatrogenic reasons potentially involved. While pregnant women have an increased risk for ICU admission and mechanical ventilation, the mortality trend was not clearly elucidated. Outcomes, maternal ICU admission and mechanical ventilation rates were found relatively lower.