Maternal Resveratrol Treatment Re-Programs and Maternal High-Fat Diet-Induced Retroperitoneal Adiposity in Male Offspring.

Ti-An Tsai,Chih-Cheng Chen,I-Chun Lin,Yun-Ju Lai,Jiunn-Ming Sheen,Chang-Ku Tsai,You-Lin Tain,Li-Tung Huang,Yu-Ju Lin,Ching-Chou Tsai,Mao-Meng Tiao,Hong-Ren Yu

doi:10.3390/ijerph17082780

Abstract

Obesity during pregnancy increases the risk of cardiovascular problems, diabetes, asthma, and cognitive impairments, affecting the offspring. It is important to reduce the negative effects of obesity and high-fat (HF) diet during pregnancy. We employed a rat model of maternal HF diet to evaluate the possible de-programming effects of resveratrol in rodent male offspring with maternal HF diet/obesity. Male rat offspring were randomized into four groups: maternal control diet/postnatal control diet, maternal HF diet/postnatal control diet, maternal control diet plus maternal resveratrol treatment/postnatal control diet, and maternal HF diet plus maternal resveratrol treatment/postnatal control diet. Maternal HF diet during pregnancy plus lactation resulted in retroperitoneal adiposity in the male offspring. Maternal resveratrol treatment re-programmed maternal HF exposure-induced visceral adiposity. Offspring that received prenatal HF diet showed higher leptin/soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) ratio than offspring that received prenatal control diet. Maternal resveratrol treatment ameliorated maternal HF exposure-induced increase in leptin/sOB-R ratio and altered the expression of genes for crucial fatty acid synthesis enzymes in the offspring. Thus, maternal resveratrol administration reduces retroperitoneal adiposity in rat offspring exposed to prenatal HF diet/obesity and could be used to ameliorate negative effects of maternal HF diet in the offspring.

Highlights

Malnutrition in women during pregnancy and/or lactation can have long-term adverse effects on the energy homeostasis of the offspring [1]
Mesenteric, subcutaneous and epidydimal fat depot, only maternal resveratrol treatment had influence, while both prenatal HF diet and maternal resveratrol treatment were important factors contributing toward retroperitoneal adiposity change in the offspring (Figure 1B)
For long-term effects of maternal resveratrol treatment, our study showed that prenatal resveratrol intake can decrease maternal HF induced body weights (BW) and visceral adiposity of offspring

Summary

Introduction

Malnutrition in women during pregnancy and/or lactation can have long-term adverse effects on the energy homeostasis of the offspring [1]. Both low and high birth weights of offspring can predispose to obesity in adolescence [2]. In addition to nutritional deficiency during pregnancy, maternal obesity has become a global health problem in developed countries. More than 30% of childbearing age women are morbidly obese according to this study [3]. Several previous studies have provided strong evidence of the negative effects of maternal obesity on the offspring. Cognitive impairments, and lack of attention have been consistently observed in children

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Discussion

Conclusion