Abstract
This study investigated whether the amount of third trimester added sugar consumption interacted with pre-pregnancy BMI (PPBMI) to predict gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum mental health in Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA) for primary care and mental health. Participants included pregnant women aged 18 to 36, with data collected in-person at 33-37 weeks gestation and 6 months postpartum using an anthropometric measurement, Dietary Screener Questionnaire (DSQ), Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Prenatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS), and the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). No moderated mediation models were statistically significant. Results indicated that greater PPBMI predicted decreased GWG and increased 6-month postpartum depression symptoms. There was a significant, positive correlation between prenatal added sugar intake and 6-month postpartum depression, anxiety, and perceived stress symptoms. Support for associations between increasing PPBMI and increasing depression symptoms at 6 months postpartum in this sample of women in an HPSA for primary care and mental health highlights the importance of starting preventative care for women prior to pregnancy. Correlations between greater added sugar intake in the third trimester and increased depression, anxiety, and perceived stress symptoms at 6 months postpartum supports the need for more research directly investigating those relationships, which could inform perinatal prevention/intervention research.
Highlights
From 2011-2016, pre-pregnancy body mass index (PPBMI) increased, with 52% of those giving birth having had a pre-pregnancy BMI (PPBMI) in the overweight or obese range [1]
This study investigated whether the amount of third trimester added sugar consumption interacted with pre-pregnancy BMI (PPBMI) to predict gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum mental health in Health Professional Shortage Area (HPSA) for primary care and mental health
The current study attempts to bridge these gaps by examining moderated mediation models of relations among maternal PPBMI, GWG, prenatal added sugar intake, and postpartum distress using a sample of women residing in an HPSA for primary care and mental health
Summary
From 2011-2016, pre-pregnancy body mass index (PPBMI) increased, with 52% of those giving birth having had a PPBMI in the overweight or obese range [1]. Greater rates of maternal gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia [2,3], preterm or cesarean delivery, stillbirth [2, 4], and antenatal depression and anxiety [5] occur in obese women compared to those with a normal PPBMI Those with pre-pregnancy obesity are more likely exceed Institution of Medicine (IOM) guidelines for weight gain over pregnancy [6], which predicts greater difficulties with antenatal [7] and postpartum mental health [8]. The current study attempts to bridge these gaps by examining moderated mediation models of relations among maternal PPBMI, GWG, prenatal added sugar intake, and postpartum distress using a sample of women residing in an HPSA for primary care and mental health
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