Abstract
To determine the trend of MMR at Princess Marina and Nyangabwe referral hospitals before and after EMOC training. Retrospective longitudinal quantitative study design was used to collect data on maternal deaths. Demographic characteristics, maternal death causes, gestation at ANC registration and pregnancy risks were collected for the period before EMOC training and after training, analysed and compared. Descriptive statistics and frequency tables were used. Maternal deaths were 33 and 41 before and after EMOC training respectively. Majority of the maternal deaths, 78.8% and 70.7% before and after EMOC training respectively occurred among young women in the reproductive ages. Eclampsia was the commonest cause of maternal death before EMOC between training & and 58% and 66% of maternal deaths before and after EMOC training respectively occurred among women who had attended ANC services four or more times. Maternal deaths at the hospitals remained similar during the two periods. Qualitative studies are needed to determine why EMOC training has not resulted in significant reduction in MMR in Botswana.
Highlights
Under normal conditions pregnancy is a normal physiological process
Despite the fact that about 94% of pregnant women attend ANC, 95% deliver at health facilities and 99% deliveries are assisted by skilled birth attendants in Botswana, the national Maternal Mortality Rate is still high
Eclampsia was the commonest cause of maternal death before Emergency Obstetric Care (EMOC) between training & and 58% and 66% of maternal deaths before and after EMOC training respectively occurred among women who had attended ANC services four or more times
Summary
The time of birth and shortly thereafter may pose life threatening to the mother and the child especially in the developing world[1,2]. The worst outcome of pregnancy is maternal death. Maternal Mortality defined as maternal deaths per 100,000 live births is one of the measurable indicators of development within countries and for comparison between developing and developed countries[3]. Global effort to reduce maternal mortality rate (MMR) dates back to 1980s when researchers highlighted the role of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth in death rates among. In September 2000, the United Nations (UN) General Assembly adopted the UN Millennium Declaration which was followed by an articulation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The MDG 5 called for a African Health Sciences
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