Abstract
AEI Aquaculture Environment Interactions Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections AEI 9:231-238 (2017) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00232 Maternal inheritance influences homing and growth of hybrid offspring between wild and farmed Atlantic salmon Bror Jonsson*, Nina Jonsson Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, 0349 Oslo, Norway *Corresponding author: bror.jonsson@nina.no ABSTRACT: The occurrence of domesticated organisms in nature is a major biological issue. Many can survive and reproduce with wild conspecifics, but little is known about the ecology of the hybrid offspring. Here, we investigated recapture, homing and growth of the released offspring of farmed (domesticated) and wild Atlantic salmon Salmo salar as well as their crosses. The fish were hatchery-reared for 1 yr and released as smolts in the River Imsa, Norway, the home river of the wild fish. The released fish migrated to the ocean. Many disappeared, but between 0.6 and 2% were sampled on their return as adults 1 or 2 yr later. Homing to the river of release was low for farmed salmon (88% strays). Among hybrids, having a wild mother provided increased homing accuracy (36% strays) relative to having a wild father (64% strays). Offspring of the local River Imsa salmon exhibited the best homing (28% strays). The growth capacity of the farmed salmon appeared to be not fully utilized in nature, as there was little difference in maximum size between wild and farmed salmon. However, minimum size at maturity was larger for farmed than wild conspecifics. Inheritance from a farmed mother increased minimum size of the hybrids versus that of the pure farmed salmon. Thus, maternal inheritance from domesticated, farmed salmon decreased homing and increased minimum size at adulthood of the offspring, making domesticated salmon a risk for locally adapted salmon in nature. KEY WORDS: Salmo salar · Straying · Domesticated · Growth · Recapture · Survival Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Jonsson B, Jonsson N (2017) Maternal inheritance influences homing and growth of hybrid offspring between wild and farmed Atlantic salmon. Aquacult Environ Interact 9:231-238. https://doi.org/10.3354/aei00232 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in AEI Vol. 9. Online publication date: July 26, 2017 Print ISSN: 1869-215X; Online ISSN: 1869-7534 Copyright © 2017 Inter-Research.
Highlights
Domesticated organisms occur in nature where they can breed and introgress natural gene pools
Released hatchery Atlantic salmon migrate to sea for feeding, and some return as adults to spawn in rivers
The recaptures of Carlin-tagged, returning adults are in the range of 0.5 to 3% (Jutila et al 2003, Jonsson & Jonsson 2011), covering the range of variation in the present experiment
Summary
Domesticated organisms occur in nature where they can breed and introgress natural gene pools. This holds for fish (Araki et al 2008), birds (Fleming et al 2011) and mammals (Kidd et al 2009). This interbreeding may lead to altered ecological and behavioural characters of native populations with negative effects on their viability (Fleming et al 2000, Debes & Hutchings 2014). Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in particular, are a centre of much research on the effects of captive-bred organisms because their high numbers in nature (Blanchet et al 2008).
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