Abstract
To probe into the associations between maternal personal cosmetics use during pregnancy and risk of adverse outcomes, and explore the potential dose-response relationships, we carried out a prospective cohort study involving 9710 pregnant women in Zhuzhou City and Xiangtan City in Hunan province during 2016–2017. A structured questionnaire was used to collection information for the pregnant women and their pregnancy outcomes. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by binary or multinomial logistic regressions. The study population included 4652 (47.9%) cosmetics non-users and 5058 (52.1%) cosmetics users. Cosmetics use was associated with an increased risk of small for gestational age (SGA) (aOR = 1.23, 95%CI 1.04 to 1.44), compared with cosmetics non-users. A positive dose-response relationship between frequency of cosmetics use and SGA was observed, although a borderline association was found at low use frequency (1–2 times per week; aOR = 1.18, 95%CI 0.99 to 1.40) and moderate use frequency (3–4 times per week; aOR = 1.23, 95%CI 0.92 to 1.64). High-frequency of cosmetics use (≥5 times per week) was significantly correlated with a higher risk of SGA (aOR = 1.83, 95%CI 1.25 to 2.69). No significant association between personal cosmetics use and the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, macrosomia, or large for gestational age was observed. The present study suggests that personal cosmetics use will increase the risk of SGA, but further research is required to determine which cosmetic products may account for the higher risk of SGA.
Highlights
Cosmetic products are necessities in our daily life and mostly used by young women, including pregnant women
From the initial 10920 pregnant women screened for participation, 262 (2.4%) refused to be enrolled in the study, and 10658 (97.6%) agreed to be enrolled in the study; out of the enrolled pregnant women, 253 (2.3%) had no information available for maternal cosmetics exposure mainly due to an ambiguous frequency of cosmetics use (Fig. 1)
Except for small for gestational age (SGA), we found no significant differences in other adverse pregnancy outcomes between the cosmetics users and non-users in the dose-response analyses
Summary
Cosmetic products are necessities in our daily life and mostly used by young women, including pregnant women. Since the majority of cosmetic products are used directly onto skins, the hazardous chemicals can directly pass the epidermal barrier to the dermis of the human body and thereby enter the systemic blood circulation, which potentially damage the fertility and reproductive health of women Some of these chemicals are related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Previous studies show occupational exposure of pregnant women to cosmetic products (e.g., hairdressers and cosmetologists) is associated with miscarriage, perinatal mortality, preterm birth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age (SGA) and other adverse pregnancy outcomes[13,14,15,16,17]. A recent meta-analysis confirms cosmetologists are under higher risk of infertility, fetal death, and preterm birth than the general population[17] These studies focus on adverse pregnancy outcomes of occupational exposure to cosmetic products, but not personal exposure. The adverse pregnancy outcomes concerned included preterm birth, low birth weight, macrosomia, SGA and large for gestational age (LGA)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
