Maternal and perinatal outcome in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in tertiary care rural hospital

Abstract

To study the maternal and perinatal complications associated with Hypertensive disorders of Pregnancy(HDP). This is a prospective observational study conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from July 2020 to June 2021. All deliveries in the time period were analysed for HDP. The maternal and fetal outcomes were studied by following upto discharge. The maternal outcomes studied were of preterm delivery, cesarean section rate, Abruptio placenta, Post partum hemorrhage, HELLP syndrome, ICU admissions and maternal death. Perinatal complications studied were stillbirth, APGAR score, NICU admission and low birth weight. Data was tabulated in excel sheet and analysed. Out of 1086 deliveries in the time period, HDP was seen in 12.98%(141 cases). Maternal complications among HDP group like Antepartum hemorrhage was seen in 11.34%, PPH in 14.18%, Maternal ICU admissions, in 2.12%, Neurological complications in 1.41%,HELLP Syndrome in 0.71%, Maternal mortality in 0.71% in the study period. 9 cases of stillbirth and 132 cases of live birth were noted. Among the live birth, 50(37.87%) deliveries were preterm and 63(47.73%) babies required NICU admission in which 4 neonatal deaths were noted. Multiple organ system involvement in HDP gives rise to adverse maternal and perinatal outcome. Incidence of HDP was more in multigravida compared to Primigravida in this study. Eclampsia was more prevalent in <25 year age group and reduced with advancing age. Caesarean section rate and low birth weight and NICU admission more than general population. HDP is an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Early detection by regular ANC visits and timely intervention can reduce complications.