Maternal and fetal outcome in HIV infected pregnant women-A two year study at tertiary hospital

Abstract

Introduction: At present scenario Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is currently one of the worst global health concerns. HIV has a dramatic impact on the health of women and their children. Objective: To find out the prevalence of HIV status among pregnant women in a tertiary care hospital to determine maternal and fetal outcome in HIV infected pregnant women. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study conducted in Cheluvamba Hospital a tertiary care hospital attached to MMCRI during January 2014 to December 2016. The case records of pregnant women with HIV positive status were selected from hospital records. Follow up details of both mother and babies were obtained from ICTC Centre. Results: Total deliveries during the study period were 19641. Of these the incidence of HIV Status was 80, the Incidence being 0.4%. primigravidas were found to be 43.75%. HIV seropositivity rate was more between 21 to 25years of age group, contributing to 56.25% of the total cases. CD4 count of >200 was found in 37.5% of cases, of which 25% were primigravida. Among all cases 31.25% were not put on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Vaginal deliveries were 83.5% and caesarean sections were 16.5%. Birth weight of >2.5 kg were seen in more than 50% of cases. Breast feeding was opted by 81.75 %. 93.8% neonates received nevirapine of the babies admitted in NICU 4 babies died (11.2%). 2 babies were found to be positive. Conclusion: Adverse outcomes were associated with untreated maternal HIV infection in pregnancy. PMTCT services were utilized sub optimally by the women with low level of education. Awareness and information is important for programs designed to increase access to PMTCT services including HAART from early pregnancy. Keywords: Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), Pregnancy with HIV.