Materials Space-Tectonics: Atomic-level Compositional and Spatial Control Methodologies for Synthesis of Future Materials.

Abstract

This review proposes a novel methodology, materials space-tectonics, as a game-changing concept of materials synthesis. Many reactions occur at surfaces and interfaces, making the formation of well-designed surface and interfacial structures a crucial matter. To establish both a bulk material body (i.e., framework) and an empty void space, careful consideration is required to "nano-architect" the space. Traditional porous materials, such as mesoporous silicas, zeolites, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), lack advanced cooperative functionalities due to their largely monotonous pore geometries and limited conductivities. To overcome these limitations and create functional structures with surface-specific functions, "Materials space-tectonics" is proposed as a game-changing methodology for future materials synthesis. This review summarizes recent examples of materials synthesis according to the synthesis of building blocks (i.e., tectons) and their hybridization. It also provides practical tips for successfully implementing materials syntheses and showcase various state-of-the-art performances from the viewpoint of practical applications. Finally, the potential integration of materials space-tectonics with emerging technologies such as materials informatics is discussed.