Abstract
Penetrating water in fiber-reinforced plastics can alter the mechanical properties considerably. To avoid potential resulting failure of the component, we propose continuous monitoring of the humidity inside the material by highly-sensitive humidity sensors based on nano- or microcomposites. Here we report on the inline-capable fabrication and integration of humidity sensors in glass fiber-reinforced polyamide (GF-PA6). Mean water concentrations of less than 0.5 wt. % have been clearly determined inside the laminate.
Highlights
Fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) offer excellent mechanical properties at low weight
We present results according to the preparation, characterization and integration of micro-/nanocomposite humidity sensors into FRPs
By integrating capacitive humidity sensors into fiber-reinforced plastic GF-PA6 during fabrication, we have demonstrated the monitoring of water uptake by the material during water storage
Summary
Fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) offer excellent mechanical properties at low weight. Such materials are ideally suited to reduce energy consumption and CO2 emission, especially in the field of mobility. Mechanical properties of FRPs can be altered drastically if water is absorbed by the material. A reduction in flexural strength and in shear fracture toughness has been detected for glass and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites after immersion in deionized and seawater [1, 2]. Only the natural water uptake by polymers was investigated. Water, which may penetrate into the structure directly, e.g. via micro cracks because of a shallow damage, will intensify the degradation. Delamination, loss of stiffness and complete failure of the structure might be the consequences
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