Abstract
Recently there have been large advances in energy technologies for battery-operated systems, including green energy resources and high capacity batteries. The effective use of battery energy resources in wireless infrastructure networks to improve the versatility and reliability of wireless communications is an important issue. Emerging applications of smart cities, Internet of Things (IoT), and emergency responses highly rely on the basic communication network infrastructures that enable ubiquitous network connections. However, energy consumption by nodes in a wireless infrastructure network depends on the transmissions of other nodes in the network. Considering this inter-dependence is necessary to achieve efficient provision of energy in wireless networks. This paper studies the issue of energy provision for wireless relay nodes in Wireless Multihop Infrastructures (WMI) assuming constraints on the total energy provision. We introduce a scheme of Energy Provision Matching (Matching-EP) for WMI which optimizes energy provision based on matching of energy provision with estimates of differentiated position-dependent energy consumption by wireless nodes distributed in the network. The evaluation results show that Matching-EP with 4%–34% improvement in energy matching degree enables 10%–40% improvement of the network lifetime, and 5%–40% improvement of packet delivery compared with conventional WMI networks.
Highlights
Wireless Multihop Infrastructure (WMI) networks facilitate flexible and quick deployment of communication networks
We demonstrate the method of estimating differentiated energy consumption with an example of a Wireless Multihop Infrastructures (WMI) network with line topology
To validate the energy differentiation analysis, we illustrate the result of energy differentiation observed in an example of line-topology WMI with 4 base stations (BS)
Summary
Wireless Multihop Infrastructure (WMI) networks facilitate flexible and quick deployment of communication networks. Multi-hop relay between low-cost base-stations in WMI can greatly extend the network coverage. Access to external networks through gateways can support access to the Internet, smart city networks, IoT and emergency networks [1,2,3]. The WMI networks play an important role as a temporary alternative of conventional network infrastructures in the emergency situations, as well as other temporary networks such as low-cost IoT infrastructures. A key issue affecting the operation of WMIs is resource constraints such as limited energy supply in the no-charging periods of emergency situations or the no-charging period of solar power supplies at night. Emergency situations may involve failure of network power supplies due to natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes or floods [4,5]. A disaster hit area may be without grid power supply from several days to several weeks.
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