Abstract
BackgroundZygomatic implants are an alternative treatment in the rehabilitation of atrophic maxilla to promote stability in the stomatognathic system. The aim of this study was to compare the electromyographic (EMG) activity of masseter and temporalis muscles in controls and in individuals with complete implant-supported dentures anchored in the zygomatic bone.Material and MethodsFifty-four volunteers of both genders (mean age 52.5 years) were selected and distributed into two groups: Individuals with zygomatic implant (ZIG; n=27) and fully dentate patients (CG; n=27). MyoSystem-BR1 was used to assess masseter and temporalis muscles EMG activity in different mandibular movements: protrusion, clenching, maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) with Parafilm M®, right and left laterality and chewing (peanuts and raisins). Data was processed, normalized (MVC) and analyzed using the SPSS 21.0. Student t-test (P ≤ 0.05) was used for group comparison.ResultsThe results were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05) for protrusion, clenching, right and left laterality and raisin chewing. For the mandibular posture conditions, the ZIG obtained higher EMG activity patterns when compared to CG. For the masticatory performance during chewing of peanuts and raisins, the ZIG showed higher EMG mean values when compared to CG.ConclusionsThe zygomatic implant promoted an active response of the muscle fibers (hyperactivity) during both mandibular posture and chewing conditions, probably due to the absence of periodontal receptors, which play a significant role for preparing a bolus for swallowing. Key words:Zygomatic implant, electromyography, masseter muscle, temporal muscle.
Highlights
Dental science has been renewed with the osseointegration process that involves the biocompatibility of the implant material with bone
Participants were informed about the experiment and agreed to participate by providing their free and informed consent according to resolution 466/12 of the Health National Council. - Sample When calculating the sample size, the standard deviation of responses was increased to achieve a power sufficient to catch large effects with fewer subjects included
The sample and the inclusion and exclusion criteria were established by means of anamneses, clinical exams, and presence signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) through specific questionnaire (Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD, RDC/TMD) [13], which provided data regarding the participants’ personal information, medical and dental history, any existing parafunctional habits or signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction
Summary
Dental science has been renewed with the osseointegration process that involves the biocompatibility of the implant material with bone This interaction provides innovative dental treatment for complete or partial edentulous individuals and can reestablish the masticatory function, retention and stability of the fixed restorations [1], with satisfactory results for the stomatognathic system [2,3]. The aim of this study was to compare EMG activity of the masseter and temporalis muscles of dentate subjects and those with fully fixed prosthesis supported by the zygomatic implant during masticatory cycles of habitual mastication and during mandibular posture conditions. MyoSystem-BR1 was used to assess masseter and temporalis muscles EMG activity in different mandibular movements: protrusion, clenching, maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) with Parafilm M®, right and left laterality and chewing (peanuts and raisins). Conclusions: The zygomatic implant promoted an active response of the muscle fibers (hyperactivity) during both mandibular posture and chewing conditions, probably due to the absence of periodontal receptors, which play a significant role for preparing a bolus for swallowing
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