Abstract
The masticatory function is one of the most complex neuropsychological mechanisms in human motor performance and it depends on several factors, such as bite force, muscle coordination, morphology, and number of teeth in occlusion. Purpose: to evaluate the influence of different rehabilitation treatments such as complete and partial dentures, masticatory forces, and the dynamics of mandibular elevator muscles. Material and Methods: the maximum bite force (force transducer) and electrical activity (superficial electromyography) associated with the masseter and temporal muscles were quantified. These factors were evaluated at rest position and isometric contraction. The data were subjected to descriptive statistics and compared based on the experimental groups, through ANOVA and Tukey’s tests. Results: for bite force, the ANOVA test showed statistical difference between groups and Tukey’s test showed that the force measured in the removable partial dentures group was 44.75% lower than that of the control group, while for complete denture wearers, there was a reduction of 74.4% in bite force in relation to the control group. For electromyographic activity, there was no statistical difference between groups. Pearson’s correlation test (?=5%) showed positive correlation between the variables of bite force and electromyographic activity only for the control group. Conclusion: it was concluded that the loss of dental elements and their replacement with either partial or complete dentures has a great influence on bite force and electromyographic activity of the masseter and temporal muscles.
Highlights
One of the reasons for dental treatment is the maintenance and restoration of the oral function, especially in patients with missing teeth [1]
For bite force, a significant statistical difference was found between the experimental groups, with the highest mean found in the CTRL group, intermediate mean in the removable partial denture (RPD) group, and the lowest mean found in the complete denture (CD)
The force measured in the RPD group was 44.75% lower than that of the CTRL group, while for CD wearers, there was a reduction of 74.4% in bite force in relation to the CTRL group
Summary
One of the reasons for dental treatment is the maintenance and restoration of the oral function, especially in patients with missing teeth [1]. The treatment with complete dentures may improve masticatory performance and the quality of life of edentulous patients [7], and the treatment with removable partial dentures might be an alternative as an economical tooth replacement. [15] bite force is an indicator of the functional state of the masticatory system and its measurement is important for diagnosing and evaluating the function and activity of the mandibular elevator muscles, besides contributing to the evaluation of prosthetic rehabilitation treatments. This study evaluated the maximum bite force values and the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter muscles in fully dentate patients and removable partial and complete denture wearers. The null hypothesis tested is that bite force and electromyographic activity in the masseter and temporal muscles are not influenced by different rehabilitation treatments
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