Abstract
The changes in mastication and deglutition in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy need to be better characterized. ObjectiveTo evaluate the frequency of parent-reported myofunctional changes and to determine if there are differences in the alteration patterns of children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and subjects with adenoid hypertrophy. MethodQuestionnaire and assessment by a speech therapist of children aged between three and six years with tonsillar hypertrophy. The data reported by the parents were compared to the data obtained from the speech therapist's evaluation; additionally, data from children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy were compared to findings from subjects with adenoid hypertrophy. Study Design: cross-sectional cohort. ResultsThe myofunctional changes observed by the speech therapist were more frequent than the alterations reported by the parents, and there was no correlation between the two findings. The children with adenoid hypertrophy and the individuals with adenotonsillar hypertrophy had the same pattern of myofunctional alteration. ConclusionParents cannot clearly correlate tonsillar hypertrophy with changes in mastication and deglutition. The cause of the respiratory obstruction does not seem to interfere in the pattern of myofunctional change.
Highlights
Mouth breathing is observed in subjects with upper airway obstruction
The children with adenoid hypertrophy and the individuals with adenotonsillar hypertrophy had the same pattern of myofunctional alteration
Thirty-four children were enrolled in this study, 24 (70.6%) on group A+A and 10 (29.4%) on group Ad
Summary
Mouth breathing is observed in subjects with upper airway obstruction. The most commonly involved sites in children are the nose and the pharynx. Allergic rhinitis ranks atop the causes of nasal obstruction (40% to 80% of the cases)[1,2], followed by deviated septum. Pharyngeal obstructions are highly prevalent[1,2,3]. Adenoid hypertrophy is the cause of pediatric mouth breathing in 80% of the cases[1]. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is seen in approximately 46% of pediatric mouth breathers[2]. Orofacial muscle laxity may lead the mouth to open and give rise to mouth breathing[4]
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