Abstract

To evaluate wound contraction and the concentration of mast cells in skin wounds treated with wild plum (Ximenia americana) essential oil-based ointment in rats. Sixty rats were submitted to two cutaneous wounds in the thoracic region, on the right and left antimeres. Thereon, they were divided into three groups: GX (wounds treated once a day with hydro alcoholic branch extract of Ximenia americana), GP (wounds that received vehicle), and GC (wounds without product application). Wounds were measured immediately after the injury as well as 4, 7, 14 and 21 days post-topical application of the extract. At these days, five rats from each group were euthanatized. Thereafter, samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde and processed for paraffin embedding. Sections were stained with H.E, Masson's Trichrome and toluidine blue for morphological, morphometrical and histopathological analysis, under light microscopy. The degree of epithelial contraction was measured and mast cell concentrations were also evaluated with an image analyzer (Image Pro-plus®software) . The extract treated group showed lower mast cell concentrations in the 4th day of lesion, as compared to GP (GX<GP=GC, p=0.029), as well as with increased contraction at 7th and 14th days, respectively (7th and 14th days, GX > GP = GC; p<0.05) . Ointment containing 10% X. americana induces a decrease in mast cell concentration, at the beginning of the healing process, and promotes early skin wound contraction in rats.

Highlights

  • Studies have shown that there is an enormous biodiversity of plants species in caatinga, an ecoregion in northeast Brazil, which is a potential source of new natural products, among which are the Ximenia americana (X. americana), popularly known as tallow wood, yellow plum, wild plum or sea lemon

  • This study aimed to quantify the mast cells in different stages of healing and correlate them with the degree of contraction of cutaneous wounds in rats treated with 10% X. americana extract

  • We note increased mast cell degranulation in the group treated with X. americana, on the 4th PO day, when compared to the other groups (Figure 4)

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Summary

Introduction

Studies have shown that there is an enormous biodiversity of plants species in caatinga, an ecoregion in northeast Brazil, which is a potential source of new natural products, among which are the Ximenia americana (X. americana), popularly known as tallow wood, yellow plum, wild plum or sea lemon. Asres et al.[6] showed that X. americana stem bark extract has antiviral activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV1) and type 2 (HIV-2), as well as antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and fungal resistance against Candida albicans[7]. It was not found studies describing mast cells and cicatrization associate to X. americana extract

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