Massive spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage induced by enoxaparin and subsequent abdominal compartment syndrome requiring surgical decompression: A case report and literature review

Abstract

Spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage from the use of enoxaparin is very rare but can be fatal. Although most cases are treated by conservative means, there may be a role for surgical intervention. We present the case of a 77-year-old man who developed a large retroperitoneal hemorrhage during treatment for pulmonary embolism and atrial flutter with enoxaparin who failed supportive measures and necessitated surgical correction. This case adds to the growing number of cases of enoxaparin induced spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage and the importance of surgical intervention when conservative management fails.