Abstract
In this paper, we provide a theoretical framework for the study of massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)-enabled full-duplex (FD) cellular networks in which the self-interference (SI) channels follow the Rician distribution and other channels are Rayleigh distributed. To facilitate bi-directional wireless functionality, we adopt (i) a downlink (DL) linear zero-forcing with self-interference-nulling (ZF-SIN) precoding scheme at the FD base stations (BSs), and (ii) an uplink (UL) self-interference-aware (SIA) fractional power control mechanism at the FD user equipments (UEs). Linear ZF receivers are further utilized for signal detection in the UL. The results indicate that the UL rate bottleneck in the baseline FD single-antenna system can be overcome via exploiting massive MIMO. On the other hand, the findings may be viewed as a reality-check, since we show that, under state-of-the-art system parameters, the spectral efficiency (SE) gain of FD massive MIMO over its half-duplex (HD) counterpart largely depends on the SI cancellation capability of the UEs. In addition, the anticipated two-fold increase in SE is shown to be only achievable with an infinitely large number of antennas.
Highlights
The fifth-generation mobile network (5G) is expected to roll out from 2018 onwards as a remedy for tackling the existing capacity crunch [1]
A key 5G technology is massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), or large scale antenna system (LSAS), where the base stations (BSs) equipped with hundreds of antennas simultaneously communicate with multiple mobile terminals (MTs) [2]
In order to facilitate performance analysis and optimization, we provide a framework for the computation of the DL and UL spectral efficiency (SE) in the FD massive MIMO cellular network
Summary
The fifth-generation mobile network (5G) is expected to roll out from 2018 onwards as a remedy for tackling the existing capacity crunch [1]. MIMO, we derive single-integral expressions for the FD and HD SEs and utilize non-linear curve fitting to develop a closed-form approximation of the corresponding FD over HD SE gain as a function of the number of antennas and users. The results highlight that the key features of massive MIMO, in terms of high transmit/receive array gain and lower BS/MT transmit power, allow for achieving significant performance gains over other FD multi-cell setups. The SE gain of FD over HD massive MIMO cellular network with finite antenna arrays was shown to be predominantly dependent on the SI cancellation capability of the MTs. In addition, the corresponding sum-rate gain was shown to increase logarithmically in the antenna array size, with the anticipated two-fold increase in SE only achieved as the number of antennas tends to be infinitely large.
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