Abstract
Telecommunications have grown to be a pillar to a functional society and the urge for reliable and high throughput systems has become the main objective of researchers and engineers. State-of-the-art work considers massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (massive MIMO) as the key technology for 5G and beyond. Large spatial multiplexing and diversity gains are some of the major benefits together with an improved energy efficiency. Current works mostly assume the application of well-established techniques in a massive MIMO scenario, although there are still open challenges regarding hardware and computational complexities and energy efficiency. Fully digital, analog, and hybrid structures are analyzed and a multi-layer massive MIMO transmission technique is detailed. The purpose of this article is to describe the most acknowledged transmission techniques for massive MIMO systems and to analyze some of the most promising ones and identify existing problems and limitations.
Highlights
Wireless communications and especially mobile communication systems are growing at an incredible pace
This paper presents an overview of some of key enabling technologies required to answer the huge data demand anticipated for 5G and 6G networks, highlighting the transmission techniques required for massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) implementation
While massive MIMO is beneficial at centimeter-wave frequencies, it can be essential in the millimeter-wave bands, since the high free-space pathloss at those frequencies necessitates large array gains to obtain sufficient received Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
Summary
Wireless communications and especially mobile communication systems are growing at an incredible pace. A well-known way to increase the spectral efficiency is using multiple antennas at the transceivers [1] In this context, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication systems based on the use of an antenna array at the transmitter and receiver, as illustrated, can offer high-speed transmission with a minimum quality of service guarantee. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication systems based on the use of an antenna array at the transmitter and receiver, as illustrated, can offer high-speed transmission with a minimum quality of service guarantee Energy efficiency is another aspect whose importance has been increasing along with the demand for wireless systems.
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