Mass spectrometry methods for detecting monoclonal immunoglobulins in multiple myeloma minimal residual disease

Abstract

Mass spectrometry methods that can detect low levels of monoclonal immunoglobulin in serum have recently been developed. These assays are based on the principle that each immunoglobulin has a unique amino acid sequence and therefore, has a unique mass. This mass can be used as a surrogate marker in order to monitor a patient’s disease over time and at low levels. Here, we explain these methods, discuss their advantages and disadvantages and how they may be used to monitor monoclonal immunoglobulins for minimal residual disease detection in multiple myeloma.