Abstract
Lipidomics is an emerging field, where the structures, functions and dynamic changes of lipids in cells, tissues or body fluids are investigated. Due to the vital roles of lipids in human physiological and pathological processes, lipidomics is attracting more and more attentions. However, because of the diversity and complexity of lipids, lipid analysis is still full of challenges. The recent development of methods for lipid extraction and analysis and the combination with bioinformatics technology greatly push forward the study of lipidomics. Among them, mass spectrometry (MS) is the most important technology for lipid analysis. In this review, the methodology based on MS for lipid analysis was introduced. It is believed that along with the rapid development of MS and its further applications to lipid analysis, more functional lipids will be identified as biomarkers and therapeutic targets and for the study of the mechanisms of disease.
Highlights
Lipidomics was firstly put forward in 2003 [1], in which the structures, functions and dynamic changes of lipids in cells, tissues or body fluids are investigated
The cocrystals of the matrix and analyte deposited on the surface of photonic crystals distribute evenly, and the spot-to-spot reproducibility was satisfied with a relative standard derivation (RSD) lower than 4.1% [54]
Ecker et al utilized the ultra performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Electrospray Ionization (ESI)-selected reaction monitor (SRM)/MS) method to analyze the seven kinds of arachidic acids, and some derivative molecular weights are same, they can be identified by their retention time on the column [67]. 2D-HPLC coupled to ESI was developed to study the lipid metabolism disorder in many diseases, including obesity, hypertension, diabetes and liver cancer
Summary
Lipidomics was firstly put forward in 2003 [1], in which the structures, functions and dynamic changes of lipids in cells, tissues or body fluids are investigated. The methods for lipids extraction before MS detection, the ionization technologies, the mass analyzers and their applications to lipid analysis by MS are described in detail in this review. New methods for lipid analysis are expected to improve the capability of lipid analysis, more functional lipids are expected to be identified as biomarkers and therapeutic targets and for the study of the mechanisms of diseases
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