Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2013 New mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) techniques are gaining importance in the analysis of plant metabolite distributions, and significant technological improvements have been introduced in the past decade. This review provides an introduction to the different MSI techniques and their applications in plant science. The most common methods for sample preparation are described, and the review also features a comprehensive table of published studies in MSI of plant material. A number of significant works are highlighted for their contributions to advance the understanding of plant biology through applications of plant metabolite imaging. Particular attention is given to the possibility for imaging of surface metabolites since this is highly dependent on the methods and techniques which are applied in imaging studies.
Highlights
2 Mass spectrometry imaging 3 Laser Desorption Ionization (LDI) and Matrix AssistedLaser Desorption Ionization (MALDI) 4 Desorption Electrospray Ionization (DESI) 5 Laser ablation based imaging 6 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) 7 Instrumental considerations in the imaging experiment 8 Data analysis and image generation 9 Sample preparation Matrix application Application of mass spectrometry imaging in plant science 11.1 Imaging surface metabolites of intact tissues Future directions and concluding remarks References
This review describes the current state of Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), covering the most abundant methods and their particular advantages as well as the pitfalls within plant tissue analysis; it is written with the aim of helping the scienti c community choose the right method for a given application
Commercial and quite user-friendly Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI) imaging instruments routinely provide spatial resolution of around 20 mm, but MALDI imaging with resolutions of 1–3 mm has so far only been presented on custom built instruments from university laboratories
Summary
The most important ones will be described in relation to the perspectives for future plant research. Janina D'Alvise graduated in 2008 in marine environmental science from the University of Oldenburg, Germany, focusing on natural products from marine bacteria She is currently completing her Ph.D. studies at the Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, working with Christian Janfelt on DESI mass spectrometry. He is continuing in the area of natural products with a major research focus on LC/CE-MS based quality control of traditional medicinal plants He is working on the methodology development of mass spectrometry imaging for studying spatial distribution of plant metabolites, including DESI and MALDI imaging, to unravel the physiological role of small molecules in plant development. One can move the sample below the ionization spot while looking at the mass spectra being recorded and thereby see exactly where in the sample a
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