Abstract
The ethyl acetate extract of the commercial tannin Tan’Activ QS-SOL (from Schinopsis lorentzii wood), employed for the production of red wine, was subjected to chromatography on Sephadex LH-20, providing nine fractions (A-1–A-9), which were estimated for total phenols content (GAE), antioxidant activity (DPPH, ORAC), and hypoglycemic activity (α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition). All the fractions were analyzed by means of HPLC/ESI-MS/MS and 1H-NMR to identify the principal active constituents. Fractions A-1 and A-3 showed the highest antioxidant activity and gallic acid (1), pyrogallol (3), eriodictyol (6), catechin (12), and taxifolin (30) were identified as the major constituents. The highest α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity was observed in fractions A-7–A-9 containing condensed (9′, 15, 18, 19, 23, and 27) hydrolysable tannins (13 and 32) as well as esters of quinic acid with different units of gallic acid (5, 11, 11′, 14, and 22). This last class of gallic acid esters are here reported for the first time as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with an increasing global prevalence and incidence at an alarming rate
In light of the obtained promising results, we extended the search of potential α-glucosidase and/or α-amylase inhibitors to the investigation of a commercial tannins extract from Schinopsis lorentzii (Griseb.) Engler (Schinopsis quebracho-colorado Schltdl.), a tree growing in Argentina, Paraguay, Brazil, and Bolivia
As a continuation of our previous studies on tannins as potential functional food ingredients with antidiabetic and antioxidant properties [17,18], we report here a study on Schinopsis lorentzii (Quebracho) tannins as a source of hypoglycemic and antioxidant principles; in this work, we assessed the hypoglycemic activity of the extract and fractions by evaluating the α-amylase inhibitory activity
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with an increasing global prevalence and incidence at an alarming rate. It is characterized by insulin hormone dysfunction and a resulting high blood glucose level (hyperglycemia). Obesity, aging, and familial history of diabetes have been identified as significant risk factors. Metabolic complications such as cardiovascular disease, angiopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy and others are frequently associated with Type 2 diabetes or can cause it to worsen [1]. Hyperglycemia increases reactive oxygen species’ production, causing oxidative tissue damage [2]
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