Abstract
Paraitinga and Biritiba reservoirs are part of Sistema Produtor Alto Tiete and they play an important role at the public water supply. The purpose of this study is to understand the mass balance of nitrogen and phosphorus that can influence the eutrophication process in reservoirs during the filling phase, and provide information for the implementation of mechanisms to manage water quality. Water samples were collected from August 2005 until May 2006. Concentrations of total phosphorus (PT) and total nitrogen (NT) were measured and the mass balance and loads were estimated. Paraitinga reservoir presented retention of NT and PT during the dry season and export during the rainy season; whilst at Biritiba reservoir we evidenced retention of NT and PT for both dry and rainy seasons. The annual balance demonstrated that during the reservoirs filling process, the systems retain NT and PT. The retention of nutrients into the system indicates that the environments have been modified leading to eutrophication and its consequences, and that it is necessary to outline strategies in order to mitigate the problem and suggest implementation of techniques to reduce the diffuse load.
Highlights
The fast growth of population in many regions of Brazil has required an increasing generation of electricity and water supply for the urban centers
It was observed an increase of nutrients concentration from upstream towards downstream (Table 2)
As per total phosphorus concentration, all results were within the limits established by Resolution Conama no. 357 about water quality, below 100 g L-1, for freshwater class 1 at lotic environments and for tributary at intermediate environments
Summary
The fast growth of population in many regions of Brazil has required an increasing generation of electricity and water supply for the urban centers. By interrupting a river water flow, the dams play the role of ‘event gatherers’, providing significant information about the hydrographical basins. The water quality reflects mostly the human activities in the air, the ground, and in the straining water itself (BICUDO et al, 1999). Biological Sciences during the reservoirs filling process, important green areas and large ground areas are waterlogged. Organic and inorganic compounds, dispersed and dissolved are released into the water column during this stage, and the top concentration of such materials is reached by the end of the filling process. The rate of release into the water decreases, promoting the system stabilization. The mass balance (or material balance) is a quantitative description of all materials entering, leaving and accumulating in a system with delimited
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