Maspin, VEGF and p53 Expression in Small Biopsies of Primary Advanced Lung Cancer and Relationship with Clinicopathologic Parameters

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Maspin, one of the serine protease inhibitors, has been shown to inhibit tumor progression and metastasis. We aimed to investigate maspin, p53 and VEGF expression in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma (AC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). The study included 28 SCC, 18AC, 17 SCLC biopsy samples. We used the streptavidin biotin immunoperoxidase method to test for maspin, p53 and VEGF antibodies. Medical records of these patients were reviewed from archival files. Cytoplasmic maspin expression was detected in 89.3%, 77.8%, 52.9% of SCC, AC and SCLC, respectively. The rate was significantly higher in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and SCC than SCLC (p = 0.013, p = 0.021, respectively). The mean percentages of maspin expression were significantly higher in NSCLC, SCC and AC than in SCLC (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001, p = 0.038, respectively). In ACs, maspin and p53 expressions were correlated, although this was not statistically significant (p = 0.053, r = 0.464), and maspin positive cases had a significantly higher T status compared to negative cases (p = 0.036). In SCC, the stage of disease was positively correlated with p53 (p = 0.007, r = 0.536) and negatively correlated with VEGF expression (p = 0.013, r = -0.498). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that stage of disease was a significant independent prognostic parameter in NSCLC (95% confidence interval: 1.067-3.969; p = 0.031). Although maspin expression is higher in SCC and AC, and is related with higher T status in AC, our data did not indicate its prognostic significance. Larger scale studies are needed to reveal the exact role of maspin in lung cancer pathogenesis.