Abstract
This chapter is concerned with how masonry is built, the architectural forms used and the resulting appearance. The basic structural form of many types of masonry is expressed on the surface of the structures, which can be a very attractive and reassuring aspect. Reinforced and post-tensioned masonry are used mainly for civil engineering structures, high single-storey halls, retaining walls and lintels within walls. Mortar-less masonry has received some attention recently, in which masonry units are mechanically interlocked with each other. The chapter shows some typical reinforced masonry forms. Appearance is a synthesis of the size, shape and colour of the units, the bond pattern, the mortar colour and finish, the masonry elements – walls, piers, columns, corbels, arches, etc. – and the scale and proportion of the whole structure. Other key aspects are the workmanship, the accuracy, the detailing in relation to other features and the use of specially shaped units.
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