Masked Syllable Priming Effects in Word and Picture Naming in Chinese

Wenping You,Rinus G. Verdonschot,Qingfang Zhang,Kevin Paterson

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0046595

Abstract

Four experiments investigated the role of the syllable in Chinese spoken word production. Chen, Chen and Ferrand (2003) reported a syllable priming effect when primes and targets shared the first syllable using a masked priming paradigm in Chinese. Our Experiment 1 was a direct replication of Chen et al.’s (2003) Experiment 3 employing CV (e.g., 拔营,/ba2.ying2/, strike camp) and CVG (e.g., 白首,/bai2.shou3/, white haired) syllable types. Experiment 2 tested the syllable priming effect using different syllable types: e.g., CV (气球,/qi4.qiu2/, balloon) and CVN (蜻蜓,/qing1.ting2/, dragonfly). Experiment 3 investigated this issue further using line drawings of common objects as targets that were preceded either by a CV (e.g., 企,/qi3/, attempt), or a CVN (e.g., 情,/qing2/, affection) prime. Experiment 4 further examined the priming effect by a comparison between CV or CVN priming and an unrelated priming condition using CV-NX (e.g., 迷你,/mi2.ni3/, mini) and CVN-CX (e.g., 民居,/min2.ju1/, dwellings) as target words. These four experiments consistently found that CV targets were named faster when preceded by CV primes than when they were preceded by CVG, CVN or unrelated primes, whereas CVG or CVN targets showed the reverse pattern. These results indicate that the priming effect critically depends on the match between the structure of the prime and that of the first syllable of the target. The effect obtained in this study was consistent across different stimuli and different tasks (word and picture naming), and provides more conclusive and consistent data regarding the role of the syllable in Chinese speech production.

Highlights

Speaking involves conceptual preparation, lexical access, wordform encoding and articulatory processes [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The CV targets were named faster when preceded by CV primes than CVG primes, and CVG targets were named faster when preceded by CVG primes than CV primes
Given that Chinese characters are distinctly different from the neutral primes (*%) and that neutral primes do not have a lexical entry, participants perhaps just discounted the perception of the neutral prime

Summary

Introduction

Lexical access, wordform encoding and articulatory processes [1,2,3,4,5,6]. In Levelt and colleagues’ model of language production, word-form encoding refers to the retrieval of morphemes in the mental lexicon, and is further divided into separate segmental spell-out and metrical spell-out levels [6,7,8,9]. The role played by sub-lexical units in this process such as the phoneme, syllable or mora has received much attention [10,11,12,13,14,15]. During word form encoding, the phonological syllable units and their metrical frames are activated mandatorily. Levelt [19] proposed the existence of a mental syllabary where the syllable plays an important role at a post-phonological encoding stage [7,20,21,22,23,24] (but see [25])

Methods

Results

Conclusion