Abstract
The silica- or alumina-pillared clays with a definite surface area and a larger basal spacing may be prepared by the gel dispersion method. The changes of i.r. and MAS n.m.r. spectra of these pillared clays before and after calcination at a higher temperature showed that the clays were exchanged with metal-hydroxide sols, that no characteristics changes were observed in the clay structure, and that it is only a cation-exchange process, but on subsequent high-temperature treatment at 450°C, obvious changes in MAS n.m.r. 29Si or 27Al spectra and i.r. framework vibration spectra appeared, so some changes in the clay structure did take place. It is suggested that during the calcination, a chemical reaction between tetrahedral sheets of the clays (with or without AI IV substitution) and the pillaring agents (pillars) takes place, forming the three-dimensional network structure.
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