Marxova znanstvena revolucija in njena relevantnost za sodobno družboslovje

Abstract

Marx’s scientific revolution is not an intervention into a certain specific theory of political economy, but an intervention in the form of critique of fundamental presuppositions of political economy in general. Hence, the theoretical apparatus of the critique of political economy can also be used as a tool for intervening into the field of contemporary social sciences, particularly into neoclassical political economy and modern bourgeois sociology, insofar as they are based precisely on the presuppositions that are the object of Marx’s critique. Following Michael Heinrich’s interpretation of Marx’s critical theory, the article argues that Marx’s critique of political economy consists of four fundamental breaks with the theoretical field of classical political economy, that is, with the latter’s anthropologism, individualism, empiricism and ahistoricism. This critique is primarily directed not toward individual theories of political economy, but toward the presuppositions shared by all theories of political economy.