Abstract
This article highlights Eusebius of Caesarea’s contribution to the history of the martyr soldiers and offers an interpretation of the soldiers’ martyrdom from after the Constantinian turn. Eusebius testifies to the variety of situations which certain Christian soldiers in Alexandria and Caesarea of Palestine, as well as the Diocletian persecution’s martyrs, found themselves in. They continued their careers until the moment when a situation arose representing an obstacle to their faith, a situation linked to the pagan rites of the castra and which led to their refusal of military engagement and martyrdom. In the context of the Constantinian turn, the soldiers’ martyrdom became a model against the claims of sacralization of imperial power. At the same time, given Eusebius’ historical-theological conceptions, the Christian soldier can participate on the front lines in God’s providential plan, while serving in the ranks of an army become Christian against the enemies of the faith.
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