Abstract
The efficiency of complex (microscopic and macroscopic) theoretical studies of the influence of crystal defects on the transformational properties of shape memory alloys was demonstrated. To this end, the numerical Monte Carlo simulations were carried out for the microscopic modeling of the influence of vacancies on the martensitic transformation (MT) of a Ni–Mn–Ga shape memory alloy and the dependence of MT temperature on concentration of the vacancies was determined. Applicability of the Monte Carlo method to the description of martensite stabilization was demonstrated. Landau theory of MT in the real (with defects) alloy specimen was then used for the evaluation of mechanical stress and internal pressure, which the vacancies create in the alloy. Time dependencies of the mechanical stress and the internal pressure were found from experimental data on the martensite aging. Concentration of the vacancies that provides the experimentally observed time dependence of MT temperature was estimated.
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