Markov processes on the path space of the Gelfand–Tsetlin graph and on its boundary

Abstract

We construct a four-parameter family of Markov processes on infinite Gelfand–Tsetlin schemes that preserve the class of central (Gibbs) measures. Any process in the family induces a Feller Markov process on the infinite-dimensional boundary of the Gelfand–Tsetlin graph or, equivalently, the space of extreme characters of the infinite-dimensional unitary group U(∞). The process has a unique invariant distribution which arises as the decomposing measure in a natural problem of harmonic analysis on U(∞) posed in Olshanski (2003) [44]. As was shown in Borodin and Olshanski (2005) [11], this measure can also be described as a determinantal point process with a correlation kernel expressed through the Gauss hypergeometric function.