Markers of inflammation and antioxidant enzyme activities in restenosis following percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

The efficacy of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is often compromised by the need for repeat revascularization, because of restenosis development. Numerous studies have tried to establish the predictive value of different biochemical markers of restenosis, with conflicting results. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of inflammatory and lipid markers, and major antioxidant enzyme activity for the development of in-stent restenosis (ISR) following PCI. Serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-?), lipoprotein(a) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels, as well as serum extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity were determined in 44 patients before stent implantation procedure, and after 6-month follow-up. Results after follow-up revealed that, in patients that developed angiografically confirmed ISR, the increase in serum hs-CRP levels was significanty higher, compared to those without stenosis. Stent implantation induced compensatory increase in serum antioxidant enzyme activities at follow-up, with significantly lower CAT activity in patients with ISR, possibly contributing to stenosis development. No significant changes in circulating levels of ICAM-1, TGF-?, oxLDL and Lp(a) were observed between the groups. In conclusion, serum hs-CRP level and CAT activity may be considered as useful biochemical markers for monitoring patients during follow-up after stent implantation.