Marine Predators Algorithm Optimized Reduced Sensor Fuzzy-Logic Based Maximum Power Point Tracking of Fuel Cell-Battery Standalone Applications

Mokhtar Aly,Emad A. Mohamed,Hegazy Rezk,Emad M. Ahmed

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3058610

Abstract

Fuel cell (FC) represents one of the promising efficient solutions for future energy supply. Improving performance and integration methods of FCs via maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and high boosting factor inverters are key requirements for research in renewable energy fields. Recently, hybrid FC-battery structures have shown wide applications in several areas. Accordingly, marine predators algorithm (MPA) is proposed in this article for optimizing the design of reduced sensor fuzzy-logic based MPPT scheme. The proposed scheme inherits the following benefits: reduced sensors and hence reduced costs, more flexibility and smooth performance due to fuzzy-logic based MPPT, and optimized design method of fuzzy-logic based MPPT through MPA method. Moreover, a high boosting ratio inverter is introduced in this article based on using the switched capacitor multilevel inverter (SCMLI). The proposed system achieves self capacitor voltage control without complex control or extra sensors. The proposed hybrid FC-battery system has been validated at various operating points. In addition, comprehensive comparisons with existing schemes in the literature are provided in the paper. The superiority of the proposed scheme has been verified with robust, fast and accurate tracking, reduced cost, flexible, simple, and smooth output waveforms. The proposed method achieves the lowest output power fluctuations with fast tracking speed compared to the studied classical methods.

Highlights

Energy represents the keystone driving factor for recent exhaustive economical worldwide developments through the reuse of available energy sources [1], [2]
The widely used perturb and observe (P&O) and classical Fuzzy-logic control (FLC) methods have been implemented for comparison purposes with the new proposed method
The proposed method achieves the minimum output power fluctuations compared with the classical FLC and P&O methods

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Energy represents the keystone driving factor for recent exhaustive economical worldwide developments through the reuse of available energy sources [1], [2]. The firefly optimized with asymmetrical FLC has been proposed in [33] It can be seen from the previous literature review that existing schemes suffer from one or more of the following issues: increased number of required sensors, increased complexity, slow response, complicated implementation requirements, steady state fluctuations, and/or improper and inaccurate MPPT control. The flyback converter has been proposed in [37] for FC applications From another side, the boost DC/DC converter is used for the MPPT control between the PEMFC and battery side and it is followed by high gain DC/AC inverter stage. A reduced cost hybrid PEMFC-battery standalone system with low number of sensors, simple control, optimum design, and high boosting factor is proposed in this article. Where, n is the number for participated electrons in the reaction process, and Imax is the peak limiting current

MPPT UNIQUENESS

OBJECTIVE FUNCTION

RESULTS AND PERFORMANCE

VIII. CONCLUSION