Marine policy evolution: A reference guide for coastal managers

Abstract

Survey report: Selected events that have helped shape the present form and content of those coastal and marine policies that are likely to determine the fate of U.S. marine resources are examined. Four significant evolutionary patterns of importance to coastal managers are identified: a shift in policy focus from marine science and engineering to management concerns; the increasing importance of coastal and marine resources for exploitation, particularly for outer continental shelf oil and gas extraction and fisheries; the influence of international actions and concerns on marine planning and management; and expanding need for an increased state role in marine management. (7 references, 1 table)