Abstract
The systematic review of the marine pharmacology literature from 2014 to 2015 was completed in a manner consistent with the 1998–2013 reviews of this series. Research in marine pharmacology during 2014–2015, which was reported by investigators in 43 countries, described novel findings on the preclinical pharmacology of 301 marine compounds. These observations included antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, antiviral, and anthelmintic pharmacological activities for 133 marine natural products, 85 marine compounds with antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as those that affected the immune and nervous system, and 83 marine compounds that displayed miscellaneous mechanisms of action, and may probably contribute to novel pharmacological classes upon further research. Thus, in 2014–2015, the preclinical marine natural product pharmacology pipeline provided novel pharmacology as well as new lead compounds for the clinical marine pharmaceutical pipeline, and thus continued to contribute to ongoing global research for alternative therapeutic approaches to many disease categories.
Highlights
The aim of the present review is to consolidate 2014–2015 preclinical marine pharmacology, with a format similar to the previous nine reviews of this series, which cover the period 1998–2013 [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
AS21B isolated from a Thailandese mangrove area [203]; a known terpenoid sarcocrassocolide E (188), isolated from a Taiwanese soft coral Sarcophyton crassocaule [204]; a new cembrane diterpenoid sinulacembranolide A (189), isolated from the Taiwanese soft coral Sinularia gaweli [205]; a new eudesmane-type sesquiterpene thomimarine B (190), isolated from the fungus Penicillium thomii KMM 4667 isolated from the Japanese sea grass Zostera marina [206]; and a novel diterpenoid tortuosene A (191), isolated from the Taiwanese soft coral Sarcophyton tortuosum [207]
Li and colleagues extended the pharmacology of Vt3.1 conotoxin (203), isolated from the venom of the marine cone snail C. vitulinus, and demonstrated that it preferentially inhibited large conductance, voltage, and Ca2+ activated K+ (BK) channels containing the β4 subunit (IC5 = 8.5 μM), which appears to be present in brain and neuronal functions by a mechanism that required electrostatic interactions with the channel protein, making it an excellent tool “uniquely suited in neuroscience involving BK channels” [219]
Summary
The aim of the present review is to consolidate 2014–2015 preclinical marine pharmacology, with a format similar to the previous nine reviews of this series, which cover the period 1998–2013 [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. 2. Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis, Antiviral, and Anthelmintic Activities. B. cereus inhibition A. baumannii inhibition Gram-positive and negative inhibition C. albicans inhibition
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