Abstract
In this paper, an application for the management, supervision and failure forecast of a ship’s energy storage system is developed through a National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) 2000 smart sensor network. Here, the NMEA 2000 network sensor devices for the measurement and supervision of the parameters inherent to energy storage and energy supply are reviewed. The importance of energy storage systems in ships, the causes and models of battery aging, types of failures, and predictive diagnosis techniques for valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries used for assisted and safe navigation are discussed. In ships, battery banks are installed in chambers that normally do not have temperature regulation and therefore are significantly conditioned by the outside temperature. A specific method based on the analysis of the time-series data of random and seasonal factors is proposed for the comparative trend analyses of both the battery internal temperature and the battery installation chamber temperature. The objective is to apply predictive fault diagnosis to detect any undesirable increase in battery temperature using prior indicators of heat dissipation process failure—to avoid the development of the most frequent and dangerous failure modes of VRLA batteries such as dry out and thermal runaway. It is concluded that these failure modes can be conveniently diagnosed by easily recognized patterns, obtained by performing comparative trend analyses to the variables measured onboard by NMEA sensors.
Highlights
Vessels are essentially floating complex systems, such as freighter ships, carrier ships, cruise ships, ship factories, oceanographic research ships, and battle ships, etc
The advantage of the diagnostic method based on the comparative trend analyses proposed in this work is that it focuses on the assignable cause that precedes the dry out and thermal runaway failures, which is the loss of the operating capacity of the heat dissipation process of the battery banks
VDR100 (Figure 8) is a kind of “black box” that records all types of Capabilities data, which circulate through the National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) 2000 network associated with the navigation activity
Summary
Vessels are essentially floating complex systems, such as freighter ships, carrier ships, cruise ships, ship factories, oceanographic research ships, and battle ships, etc. A large number of sensors, controllers, electronic devices and systems must be installed on shipboard, and they generate a huge amount of data and information Such information must be exchanged reliably to aid system integration and safe navigation [1,2]. The advantage of the diagnostic method based on the comparative trend analyses proposed in this work is that it focuses on the assignable cause that precedes the dry out and thermal runaway failures, which is the loss of the operating capacity of the heat dissipation process of the battery banks. The heat dissipation process of battery banks in real navigation conditions does not have a specific nature It depends on the characteristics of the installation chambers (which do not remain invariable in time), the materials used, the size of the heat dissipation areas, and the ventilation conditions, etc.
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