Abstract
Marine network protocols are domain-specific network protocols that aim to incorporate particular features within the specialized marine context that devices are implemented in. Devices implemented in such vessels involve critical equipment; however, limited research exists for marine network protocol security. In this paper, we provide an analysis of several marine network protocols used in today’s vessels and provide a classification of attack risks. Several protocols involve known security limitations, such as Automated Identification System (AIS) and National Marine Electronic Association (NMEA) 0183, while newer protocols, such as OneNet provide more security hardiness. We further identify several challenges and opportunities for future implementations of such protocols.
Highlights
Marine network protocols are domain-specific network protocols that aim to incorporate particular features within the specialized marine context that devices are implemented in
We have identified a layer of protection in that National Marine Electronic Association (NMEA) 2000 contains a 15-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) [5]
We have described the design of marine network protocols and identified their strengths and weaknesses
Summary
The large demand of manpower and expense for radio communication lead to the increase of satellite broadcasting services by the end of the decade. Marine network protocols are often implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of both. The biggest use of VHF Radio is to send distress signals to coast guards and other vessels within a certain vicinity These can be set up as a full-duplex system, which allows both ends to simultaneously communicate with each other. In contrast with radio systems, modern day satellite communications generally require both hardware and software. NMEA 2000 defines the hardware, as well as software, specifications These include but are not limited to the hardware architecture, data communication between adjacent network nodes, packet routing and shared communication protocols specifications [5].
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