Abstract
Marine microorganisms produce a series of promising enzymes that have been widely used or are potentially valuable for our daily life. Both classic and newly developed biochemistry technologies have been broadly used to study marine and terrestrial microbiological enzymes. In this brief review, we provide a research update and prospects regarding regulatory mechanisms and related strategies of acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL) lactonase, which is an important but largely unexplored enzyme. We also detail the status and catalytic mechanism of the main types of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes that broadly exist among marine microorganisms but have been poorly explored. In order to facilitate understanding, the regulatory and synthetic biology strategies of terrestrial microorganisms are also mentioned in comparison. We anticipate that this review will provide an outline of multiple strategies for promising marine microbial enzymes and open new avenues for the exploration, engineering and application of various enzymes.
Highlights
Microorganisms produce series of enzymes [1,2,3]
We provide a brief description of two types of promising marine enzymes: acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL) lactonase and polysaccharide-degrading enzymes
Signal molecules regulate the transcriptional level of multiple genes, which serves as an additional microorganism that can be used to manipulate unexplored marine bacteria enzyme sources
Summary
Cellulases are multi-component enzymes that can be divided into three components based on catalytic function, including endoglucanase (endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase, EC3.2.1.4), exoglucanase (exo-1,4-β-D-glucanase, EC3.2.1.91), and cellobiase (β-1,4-glucosidase, EC3.2.1.21). Cellulases exhibit great potential in various applications, including papermaking, detergents, bioenergy and effluent treatment. Previous studies were limited to terrestrial-derived cellulases. As research on marine microbes and their enzymes advance, it was discovered that enzymes secreted by marine microbes possess several characteristic features, such as pressure tolerance, alkali resistance, cold resistance and heat resistance. Marine cellulase resources have drawn increasing attention [136,137]
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