Abstract
The coastal plain of Gaza Strip is composed of an alternated kurkar and hamra deposits of Pleistocene to Holocene age. The hamra deposits consists of reddish brown sandy loam soils. The kurkar is mainly made of calcareous sandstones of marine and continental origin. Five marine lithofacies were identified along the coastal ridge within Gaza Strip which extends up to the current coastline of the Mediterranean Sea. These lithofacies are: (1) laminated medium- to very coarse-grained sandstones; (2) medium- to very coarse-grained cross-bedded sandstones; (3) graded coarse-grained sandstones; (4) massive coarse-grained sandstones; (5) bioclastic sandstones (calcarenite). The marine lithofacies identified in the study area belong to one of the two sedimentation zones: (1) the upper shoreface, represented by biogenic activities and marine fauna contents in sandy cross-stratification, and (2) the upper and lower foreshore, characterized by laminated with low-angle cross-stratification and channel deposits with low contents of marine fauna.
Highlights
The Gaza Strip is located at the southwestern part of Palestine, at the southeastern coast plain of the Mediterranean Sea (Fig. 1)
Field work was carried out along the coastal ridge in the Gaza Strip, it started from northwards at Es-Sudania locality and continued up to middle part of Gaza Strip at Dier El Balah locality where the ridge dies out
The marine lithofacies and the hamra lithofacies distributed along the coastal ridge in Gaza Strip have been observed in three locations: the first location is at Al Nawras in Es-Sudania locality in the north, the second is at El-Nusairat locality in the middle, the third location in the Dier El Balah locality in the middle to south of El-Nusirat
Summary
The Gaza Strip is located at the southwestern part of Palestine, at the southeastern coast plain of the Mediterranean Sea (Fig. 1). Its area is about 365 km, it has a length of 45 km from Beit Hanon in the north to Rafah in the south, and its width range from 5 – 7 km in the north to a maximum of 12 km in the south. The Gaza Strip forms part of the coastal foreshore plain bordering the El-Khalil mountains (part of the West Bank) in the northeast, the northern Negev desert in the southeast, and the northern Sinai desert in the south. The Wadi Halib draining the depression of Beit Hanon, a tributary of Nahal Shiqma (Israeli terminology) flowing near Eres in the north. The third valley is Wadi Silka near Khan Younes, a dry wash only flowing after torrential rains and no longer reaching the sea
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