Abstract
The boundary layer height (BLH) determines the interface between the lower and the free atmosphere, and it is a key variable in numerical simulations and aerosol and environmental pollution studies. This article proposes a novel method in conjunction with numerical regularization to analyze the climate characteristics of the marine boundary layer height (MBLH) using 2007–2011 GPS-RO data from the COSMIC mission. The MBLH corresponds to the smallest gradient, which is calculated using the numerical regulation method where the regulation parameters are determined by the double-parameter model function method. The results reveal the relationship between the MBLH and ocean currents for the first time. A low MBLH is associated with cold seasons and seas where cold ocean currents prevail whereas a high MBLH is related to warm seasons and seas where warm currents prevail. This correlation was validated by comparing the obtained results with different occultation data including atmprf and echprf, which also showed that atmprf is more sensitive to convective cloud top capture. To test the credibility of the results, the standard deviation was used to express the MBLH confidence level. The results show that the standard deviation of the MBLH was highest in low latitudes and lowest in the middle and high latitudes. Furthermore, we analyzed the trends in interannual MBLH variations, which display significant seasonal variations and spatial distributions that correspond with the current and subsolar point. Finally, we conducted a case study in the South China Sea, and identified a distinctive seasonal change and interannual decline in MBLH.
Highlights
The physical processes that take place in the marine atmospheric boundary layer mostly occur at the sub-grid scale [1,2], where sensible heat flux, water vapor flux, turbulent vertical transport, sea breeze intensity, and sea waves impact the marine boundary layer height (MBLH) [3]
Significant changes in temperature and water vapor usually occur near the top of the MBLH, changes in temperature water vapor occur near the top of the MBLH, where theSignificant greatest decrease is found in theand bending angle andusually refractivity vertical profiles
The results show that the MBLH has undergone a downward trend over the past 5 years, and parallel those reported by Guo, et al [5] for the BLH
Summary
The physical processes that take place in the marine atmospheric boundary layer mostly occur at the sub-grid scale [1,2], where sensible heat flux, water vapor flux, turbulent vertical transport, sea breeze intensity, and sea waves impact the marine boundary layer height (MBLH) [3]. MBLH occur inof small medium weather the systems in response its massive capacity, if amostly large amount heatand from the sunscale is absorbed, temperature to different air masses on the sea surface undergoing vertical movement and convection under of the underlying surface, which forces the boundary layer to rise, does not change significantly [3] Such processes cause increased turbulent mixing in the mixed layer, thereby raising. In this work,increased we used the numerical differential regularization method combined with[21] Such processes cause turbulent mixing in the mixed layer, thereby raising the MBLH occultation bending angle data to analyze the trends in due to climate change in the global.
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