Abstract
While terrestrial organisms are the primary source of natural products, recent years have witnessed a considerable shift towards marine-sourced biocompounds. They have achieved a great scientific interest due to the plethora of compounds with structural and chemical properties generally not found in terrestrial products, exhibiting significant bioactivity ten times higher than terrestrial-sourced molecules. In addition to the antioxidant, anti-thrombotic, anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, and cardio-protection properties, marine-sourced biocompounds have been investigated for their neuroprotective potential. Thus, this review aims to describe the recent findings regarding the neuroprotective effects of the significant marine-sourced biocompounds.
Highlights
Considering their co-evolution with the associated biological targets, natural products have been favored by scientists for drug discovery and development in the treatment of various human diseases [1,2]
This review aims to highlight the main bioactive compounds currently used in the biomedical field, with a particular emphasis on the neuroprotective effects of these biocompounds
Marine animals are evolutionally secluded from terrestrial mammals, and they represent an important source of heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) extraction, as there is a lower risk of microorganism contamination
Summary
Considering their co-evolution with the associated biological targets, natural products have been favored by scientists for drug discovery and development in the treatment of various human diseases [1,2]. Marine plants, animals, and lower organisms represent a valuable source of biocompounds, with 650 compounds isolated in 2003, and 3000 active molecules out of 13,000 described currently [4,9,18] In this manner, marine pharmacology is continuously proving its potential in the biomedical field through the biological functions of the most intensively studied biocompounds, i.e., carbohydrates, polyphenols, peptides, proteins, pigments, and essential fatty acids, which include antioxidant, anti-thrombotic, anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, and cardio-protection properties [18]. Marine pharmacology is continuously proving its potential in the biomedical field through the biological functions of the most intensively studied biocompounds, i.e., carbohydrates, polyphenols, peptides, proteins, pigments, and essential fatty acids, which include antioxidant, anti-thrombotic, anti-coagulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic, and cardio-protection properties [18] In this manner, this review aims to highlight the main bioactive compounds currently used in the biomedical field, with a particular emphasis on the neuroprotective effects of these biocompounds
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